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发表于 2005-6-6 14:57:51
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Chinese potter field is the labour of typical case dense type and resource dense type industrial, relative cheap cost make our product have certain price competitive advantage on international market. porcelain output take the 1 / 3s of world, from quantity, is superpower, but Chinese porcelain is big and not strong , produce , serious excess , compare with foreign advanced porcelain, still have great gap. lose price especially export quantity low , is in inferior position in international trade, have restricted the development of potter field. though in have joined WTO, China have gotten record and bumper harvest in potter field export aspect, but compare with Italy, Spain and such potter field powerful nation, still have great gap
One, technology and equipment are backward , lack innovation ability home, : the most enterprises lack technology, a lot of equipments and the ability of innovation is the state of old saying , before Zhan the technology of sex not much, a lot of enterprises lack higher level may develop ambient conditions first, development design strength weak, is fond of in snatch foreign market with old product, product lack the grade of original creation, do not form develop own school character style characteristic, do not make clear for own consumer market goal and knowledge, especially have no subtle know consumer trend etc. and the cultural background of market site. is often accustomed to in imitate and follow wind, always run behind household, even form plagiarize the product of wind and many so-called innovations is from outside transfer come . product development management do not walk out of experience type, lead into type, imitate type road, product competition ability get always do not go to promotion.
Abroad: world last famous porcelain very can make product, technology and such tax creat . is often have design first, after have product their, design concept vanguard special field, have very strong originality, is good at porcelain product handle as artistic ornament, is good at cultural education and the social background of research consumer market and other places, will culture blend in product innovation in, accomplish for porcelain product as well as workmanship technical equipment develop tendency very much know . creat product is and creat technology coil consider , some innovation have even broken profession limit, have broken through space restriction. so their product have market potential and advantage very much, always guide trend in profession.( solve : domestic porcelain must raise innovation ability with great efforts from now, otherwise, large porcelain market can only see quilt in the future outside porcelain " occupy , " lack the domestic porcelain of ability and strong tendency development concept will accomplish nothing .)
5 ． energy consumption higher. the porcelain of our country of daily use ten thousands average porcelains consume standard coal 10 tons more than, some is even as high as 20 tons is higher in one time more than international average specific power consumption more than, Table 2 — 9 construct sanitary porcelain unit product for home firing hear rate may see domestic hear rate fairly from table exceed few time by than abroad more than. in potter field production cost in, energy consumption take 30% normally control , our country is as high as 40%.
5, lack scientific management, . foreign advanced porcelain a management considerable strict standard, management monitoring mechanism, management consciousness, management method, management means and such aspect science reasonable. home study porcelain enterprise have broken through fair though on management melt approximately melt with market manage characteristic, but with world the last modern system butt joint of business management of enterprise still have greater gap. show in manage experience hysteresis, management mechanism do not meet the requirement of market competition, awaken decision have great blindness and unilateralness. a lot of business managements have no standard, not strict non-standard, management monitoring mechanism not science, not reasonable, enterprise concept have no continuity, management rule not really not thin, capital, equipment talent utilization rate low very much, waste serious.
2, product quality is produced than the bad porcelain of our country since long-term as product quality does not arouse enough attention, the difference of quality awareness does not be won with quality , with beg the production operation of development to be ideological recently, is insure quality with quantity, do not carry out every standard strictly in production, thick system make phenomenon excessively than serious. the export percent of pass of the porcelain of daily use and a level article rate of fine porcelain is in always hesitate to press forward situation, even have drop tendency( see Table 2 — 5 ). the export porcelain percent of pass of advanced porcelain production country may reach 90% control.
The export porcelain product of our country since having obvious appearance defect for a long period, in which black spot , warp , pin hole stick out particularly, besides pattern, kind and specifications monotonous, product mix and market demand not appearance meet , supplemental rate difference, lead( cadmium) dissolve measure higher, packing decoration fall behind , deliver the goods not in time, strain force not strong, and so on, can become low-priced low files product only. export some high grade porcelains, in international market on also is equivalent to the intermediate product of developed porcelain production country only.
3, economic benefits are of poor quality than difference because of the foetus porcelain of batch production, comprehensive a level article rate low ． pack decoration applicability difference, product mix is improper for the needs of western market to low files product in, export porcelain product much, high grade product and pottery Shi ware lose , direct influence go to the economic benefits of porcelain enterprise. show specificly in: 1 ． export porcelain product change invoice price lower. change invoice price from export porcelain product see the porcelain of our country do not still jump out of the low son of ring washer, is in still win with quantity position. from Table 2 — may find out in 6, our country export for beautiful porcelain tableware change invoice price will low than other country few times even 10 few times ．
2 ． market possess rate low ; the present porcelain of our country of daily use produce per year quantity and export quantity hold world first, but change remit amount is on Japanese, Taiwan etc. country and region after; construct sanitary porcelain export quantity though also have the increase of greater range, have become world building sanitary porcelain production large country one, but change remit amount still not very ideal. in Table 2 — 3 i |
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