MBA专业术语汇总（Ｎ）

夕阳秋草

Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡
A situation in which economic actors interacting with one another each choose their best strategy given the strategies that all the other actors have chosen

National saving (saving) 国民储蓄
The total income in the economy that remains after paying for consumption and government purchases

Natural monopoly 自然垄断
A monopoly that arises because a single firm can supply a good or service to an entire market at a smaller cost than could two or more firms

Natural rate of unemployment 自然失业率
The normal rate of unemployment around which the unemployment rate fluctuates

Natural resources 自然资源
The inputs into the production of goods and services that are provided by nature, such as land, rivers, and mineral deposits

Natural-rate hypothesis 自然率假说
The claim that unemployment eventually returns to its normal, or natural, rate, regardless of the rate of inflation

Net exports 净出口
The value of a nations exports minus the value of its imports, also called the trade balance; Spending on domestically produced goods by foreigners (exports) minus spending on foreign goods by domestic residents (imports)

Net foreign investment 国外净投资
The purchase of foreign assets by domestic residents minus the purchase of domestic assets by foreigners

Nominal GDP 名义GDP
The production of goods and services valued at current prices

Nominal Variables 名义变量
Variables measured in monetary units

Nominal exchange rate 名义汇率
The rate at which a person can trade the currency of one country for the currency of another

Nominal interest rate 名义利率
The interest rate as usually reported without a correction for the effects of inflation

Normal good 正常物品
A good for which an increase in income raises the quantity demanded; A good for which, other things being equal, an increase in income leads to an increase in quantity demanded

Normative statements 规范表述
Claims that attempt to prescribe how the world should be

natural endowments 自然禀赋
a countrys natural resources, like good climate, fertile land, or minerals

net export function 净出口函数
a curve that gives the level of net exports at each level of income

net domestic product (NDP) 国内生产净值
GDP minus the value of the depreciation of the countrys capital goods

new classical economists 新古典经济学家
economists who, beginning in the 1970;s, built on the tradition of classical economists and believed that by and large, market forces, if left to themselves, would solve the problems of unemployment and recessions

new growth economists 新增长经济学家
economists who, beginning in the 1980s, sought to understand better the basic forces that led the economy to grow fast at one time and slower at another, or some countries to grow faster than others

new Keynesian economists 新凯恩斯主义经济学家
economists who, beginning the 1980s, built on the tradition of Keynesian economists and focused attention on unemployment; they sought explanations for the failure of wages and prices to adjust to make labor markets and possibly other markets clear

newly industrialized countries 新工业化国家
nations that have recently moved from begin quite poor to being middle-income countries; including South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong

normative economics 规范经济学
economics in which the conclusions rest on value judgments as well as facts and theories